Guideline for Installation of Internal & External Hydrant

March 2, 2026 Leave a comment

 

INTERNAL & EXTERNAL FIRE HYDRANT REFERENCE
Area Code Clause No Descriptions
Installation Height NFPA:14 7.3.1.1 Hose connections and hose stations shall be unobstructed and shall be located not less than 0.9 Meter or more than 1.5 Meter above the floor. This dimension shall be measured from the floor to the centre of the hose valve.
NBC:2016 5.1.1 (a) Hydrant Valve shall be 0.9 Meter from Ground Level
CPWD 8.2.4.1 The landing valve shall be fitted to a T-connection of the riser at the landing in such a way that the valve is in the center of the internal hydrant opening and at a height of 0.9 Meter from floor level.
IS 3844 5.9 Landing valves should be installed on each floor level and on the roof, if accessible, in such a way that control line of landing valve is 1 to 1.2 Meter above the floor level. In the event of pump pressure being excessive at the lower floor levels in tall buildings a reducer should be provided in the landing valves to limit operating pressure to 5.5 kg/cm2 (0.5 N/mm2). The hoses, nozzles and branch pipes should be kept adjacent to the landing valves in wall boxes or in recesses.
CPWD 8.2.4.2 The valve base shall be vertical and the valve facing outside. There should be no hindrance in operation of the handle.
AS2419.1 3.2.2.1 The  centre line of the  fire hydrant valve or outlet not less than  0.75 Meter and  not more than 1.2 Meter above the ground, finished floor level or platform and have the  tire hydrant valve outlet horizontal or sloping not more than 30 deg   below the horizontal.
IS 13039 4.4 External Hydrant: In external Area All hydrant outlets shall be situated 1 Meter above ground level.
Clear Space around Hydrant NFPA:1 18.5.7.1 914 mm clear space shall be maintained around the circumference of fire hydrants except as otherwise required or approved.
NFPA:1 18.5.7.2  A clear space of not less than 1.5 Meter shall be provided in front of each hydrant connection having a diameter greater than 64 mm.
NFPA:14 4.7.5 Hose connections shall be located so that there is at least 76.2 mm clearance between any adjacent object and the handle of the valve when the valve is in any position ranging from fully open to fully closed.
NFPA:14 7.3.1.2 The hose connection shall not be obstructed by the closed or open door or other objects on the landing.
CPWD 3.2.4 Internal hydrant shall be easily accessible. A clear space of at least 1.5 Meter should be available in front of the internal hydrant for operation. Internal hydrant shall not be provided in a lockable room.
AS2419.1 3.2.2.2.a A clearance of not less than 1 Meter directly in front of the  fire hydrant outlet and laying of fire hose.
AS2419.1 3.2.2.2.b A clearance of not less than 500 mm tram any point ot a door-swing arc and the tire hydrant outlet where installed in a fire isolated stair
AS2419.1 3.2.2.2.c A clearance of not less than 100 mm around the handwheel of the fire hydrant valve, in both the fully closed and fully open positions, to allow for the turning on and off of the fire hydrant valve.
AS2419.1 3.2.2.2.d A clearance around the fire hydrant valve outlet of not less than 300 mm through an arc of 225° in the plane of the valve outlet, to facilitate the use of a hose spanner for the connection and disconnection of fire hose.
Location of Internal Hydrant Point NFPA:14 7.3.2 Class I Systems. Class I systems shall be provided with 65 mm hose connections in the following locations:
(1) At the main floor landing in exit stairways
(2) On each side of the wall adjacent to the exit openings of horizontal exits
(3) In other than covered mall buildings, in each exit passageway at the entrance from the building areas into the passageway
(4) In covered mall buildings, at the entrance to each exit passageway or exit corridor, and at the interior side of public entrances from the exterior to the mall
(5) At the highest landing of stairways with stairway access to a roof, or on roofs with a slope of less than 4 in 12 where stairways do not access the roof
NBC:2016 5.1.1(g) Hydrants for firefighting and hose reels shall be located in the lobby in firefighting shaft. Those hydrants planned to be provided near fire exit staircase on the floor shall be within 5 Meter from exit door in exit access
IS 13039 4.19.7 A hydrant shall be provided on every floor landing which shall be not less than 1.25 Meter area
CPWD 3.2.4 Internal Hydrant: Internal hydrants are provided to fight fire from within the building. Following factors are considered for deciding location of internal hydrant:
(i) Internal hydrants are provided at every floor at the same location and connected with risers.
(ii) Hydrant for firefighting shall be located in the lobby in firefighting shaft. Those hydrants planned to be provided near fire exit staircase on the floor shall be within 5 Meter from exit door in exit access.
(iii) Numbers and location of risers shall be decided as per Para 2.4.1.6. Every wing of the building shall preferably be provided with independent hydrants. Hydrant shall be located in the center of the building so that one hydrant can cover area on both sides.
NFPA:14 7.3.2.2.1.1 The travel distance for Fire Hose shall be 61 Meter for sprinklered buildings.
NFPA:14 7.3.2.2.1.2 The travel distance for Fire Hose shall be 39.7 Meter for non sprinklered buildings.
NFPA:14 7.3.2.2.1.3 Fire Hydrant connections shall be provided in each exit passageway in other than covered mall buildings.
NFPA:14 7.3.2.5 A single hose connection shall be permitted to be installed in the open corridor between open stairs that are not greater than 23 Meter apart.
NFPA:14 7.3.2.10 Additional hose connections shall be provided in Non sprinklered buildings where the distance from connections required to the most remote portion or story exceeds 45.7 Meter
NFPA:14 7.3.2.11 Additional hose connections shall be provided in buildings sprinklered where the distance from connections required to the most remote portion or story exceeds 61 Meter
NFPA:14 7.3.2.1 Hose connections shall be permitted to be located at the highest intermediate landings between floor levels in exit stairways where required by the AHJ.
IS 13039 4.16 High Hazard Area: In case of buildings/plants occupied for high hazard process or storage areas, the hydrants shall be located at a minimum distance of 15 Meter from the periphery of storage tank or hazardous equipment under protection.
IS 13039 4.17 If any point within the building is at a distance of more than 45 Meter from an external fire hydrant, an internal hydrant system shall be provided so that no portion of the floor is more than 45 Meter from an external hydrant or 30 Meter from an internal hydrant. Distance of 45 Meter indicated above shall be increased to 60 Meter for light hazard occupancies and reduced to 30 m for high hazard occupancies.
IS 3844: 5.12 For single headed landing valve, the front opening glass door may be of single leaf, but for double landing valve, double leaf doors are recommended. The location of the riser main, along the landing valves and hose reel, etc, should be such as to leave enough clearance on both sides and also below the landing valve, for smooth operations. The landing valves should be so fitted to the riser main, that when the fire hose is connected to it, and charged with water under pressure, it will not form any kin& Consideration should alsp be given to allow adequate. spaces, around the valve to permit maintenance and testing
Location of External Hydrant Point NFPA:1 18.5.1.6 Fire hydrants shall be located not more than 3.7 Meter from the fire department access road.
IS 13039 4.12 In External Area: At least one hydrant post shall be provided for every 60 Meter of external wall measurement in case of light hazard occupancy, for every 45 Meter in case of ordinary hazard occupancy and every 30 Meter of external wall measurement or perimeter of building/unit battery limit in case of high hazard occupancy.
IS 13039 4.13 In External Area: Where any part of a building is normally used  for storage purpose or where hazardous processes are carried out, there shall be two single or one double headed hydrant within 15 Meter of the building, the layout being such that two jets of water can be played simultaneously on the highest point of the roof.
IS 13039 4.15 In External Area:  For light and moderate hazard risks, hydrant heads shall be positioned at distances not less than 2 Meter from the face of the building or edge of the storage plot to be protected. Such buildings shall not be deemed to be protected by a hydrant unless such hydrant is within 15 Meter of the building.
IS 13039 4.16 High Hazard Building: In the case of Whole Building is high Hazard the distance of Fire Hydrant shall be not less than 5 Meter and more than 15 Meter from the face of building. Hydrants/Monitors shall be located along road side for easy accessibility as far as possible.
CPWD 2.4.1.8.1 External Hydrant: For fighting fire from outside the building, yard hydrants are provided around the building and in the closed court yard. For connecting yard hydrants, a ring of pipe shall be laid underground around the building at a minimum distance of 2 Meter from the face of the building. All internal risers shall be connected with this ring.
CPWD 2.4.1.8.1 External Hydrant: Yard hydrants shall be located at a minimum distance of 2 m but not more than 15 m from the building face. The yard hydrants shall be easily accessible and should normally be provided near boundary wall/along road. While locating yard hydrants it should be ensured that same do not become hindrance in vehicular movement or entrance to the building. Yard hydrants, should be located around the building in such a way that it should be possible to fight fire on any face of the building from the nearest hydrant. At least one hydrant post shall be provided for every 45 Meter
AS2419.1 3.5.3.1 Not less than 10 Meter from the building or fire compartment it is protecting.
AS2419.1 3.5.3.1 Not less than 10 Meter from any high voltage main electrical distribution equipment such as transformers and distribution boards.
AS2419.1 3.5.3.1 Not less than 10 Meter from any Electric Vehicle Charging Station regardless of voltage unless protected by a wall or other construction having an FRL.
AS2419.1 3.5.3.1 Not less than 10 Meter   from   a   stored   quantity   of   dangerous   goods   (e.g.   LPG, petroleum, propane).
AS2419.1 3.5.3.1 Not less than 10 Meter from external combustible storage (e.g. palletized combustible storage items).
AS2419.1 3.5.3.1 Not less than 3 Meter from the vent   terminal   of   any   gas   assembly   or   gas measurement system.
Fire Department Connection NFPA:14 6.4.6  Fire department connections shall be located not less than 0.45 Meter nor more than 1.2 Meter above the level of the adjoining ground, sidewalk, or grade surface.
NFPA:24 5.9.5.1 Fire department connections shall be located on the street side of buildings.
IS 3844 3.2 Fire Service Connections (Tank Filling): This is a 4 Way collecting breeching with blank caps (without non-return valve) fixed to a 150-mm dia pipe which is connected to the fire tank for filling from external source.
IS 3844 5.11 A minimum of two hydrants connected to internal hydrant system should be provided within the courtyard of the buildings. These should preferably be sited adjacent to the roads along the compound wall and facilities provided for fire brigade appliances.
Fire Inlet Connection IS 3844 3.19 Fire Service Inlet: 2 Way or 3 Way collecting head (see 5.1.1 and 5.2.3) with non-return valves fitted to the down-comer/wet-riser main, so that in case of need, fire service can directly pressurize the system with their pump.
IS 3844 5.2.3 Fire Service Inlet (Raising Main) : Fire service inlet with gate and non-return valve to charge the riser in the event of failure of the static pump directly from the mobile pump of the fire services should be provided on the wet-riser system. The fire service inlet for 100 mm internal diameter rising main should have collecting head with 2 numbers of 63 mm inlets and for 150 mm rising main, collecting head with 4 numbers of 63 mm inlets should be provided.
IS 3844 5.5.1.a Fire Service Inlet (Raising Main of Each Zone): A fire service inlet at ground level fitted with a non-return valve should also be provided to the rising main of each zone for charging it by fire service pumps, in case of failure of fire pump. If two rising mains are within a distance of 30 m horizontally a single fire service inlet will be sufficient.
IS 3844 5.5.1.b The fire service Inlet should be located and arranged on street side of the building preferably near main entrance, prominently marked and without any obstruction so that fire service can connect hose lines without difficulty.
IS 3844 5.5.1.c The inlet should be located inside a box made of 1.6 mm mild steel plate with openable 4mm thick glass frontage with locking arrangements. The words ‘Fire Service Inlet’ should be written in letters at least 75 mm in height and 12 mm in width in fluorescent fire red colour (IS 5: 1978).

 

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