Quick Reference-Fire Fighting (Part-4)
November 16, 2023 Leave a comment
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Suction and Delivery Pipes of Pumps Fire Pump (CPWD) |
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| Pump Capacity | Suction (Minimum) | Delivery (Minimum) | |
| 450 LPM | 50 mm | 50 mm | |
| 900 LPM | 70 mm | 50 mm | |
| 1400 LPM | 100 mm | 100 mm | |
| 2280 LPM | 150 mm | 150 mm | |
| 2850 LPM | 200 mm | 150 mm | |
| 4540 LPM | 250 mm | 200 mm | |
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SELECTION OF ORIFICE PLATE (CPWD) |
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| Pressure Loss Kg/cm2 | Diameter of Orifice (mm) | |
| 80 MM PIPE | 100 MM PIPE | |
| 3.5 | 41.9 | |
| 3 | 43 | |
| 2.5 | 44.8 | |
| 2 | 46.4 | |
| 1.5 | 48.9 | 56.2 |
| 1 | 52.3 | 57.6 |
| 0.9 | 53.2 | 59 |
| 0.8 | 54.1 | 60.4 |
| 0.7 | 55.3 | 62 |
| 0.6 | 56.6 | 63.9 |
| 0.5 | 58.2 | 66.5 |
| 0.4 | 59.8 | 69.7 |
| 0.3 | 62 | 74.2 |
| 0.2 | 65 | 81.1 |
| 0.1 | 82.2 | |
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FLANGE THICKNESS (CPWD) |
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| Pipe diameter | Flange Thickness |
| 200 mm | 24 mm |
| 150 mm and 125 mm | 22 mm |
| 100 mm and 80 mm | 20 mm |
| 65 mm | 18 mm |
| 40 mm and below | 16 mm |
| Gasket thickness shall not be less than 3 mm. | |
| Mild steel flanges shall be in accordance with Table:17 of IS : 6392 | |
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Sprinkler Spacing, Arrangement, Distribution and Locations (CPWD) |
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| (i) Maximum Area Coverage per Sprinkler | |
| (a) Ceiling sprinkler | 12 m2 |
| (b) Side wall sprinkler : | |
| Combustible ceiling | 7.5 m2 |
| Non-Combustible ceiling | 9 m2 |
| (ii) Maximum Distance between Sprinklers | |
| (a) Ceiling sprinkler | 3.5 Meter |
| (b) Side wall sprinkler | |
| (i) Combustible ceiling | 2.7 Meter |
| (ii) Non-combustible ceiling | 3 Meter |
| (iii) Minimum Distance between Sprinklers (for Ceiling as well as Sidewall sprinklers) | 1.8 Meter |
| Note: In case of intermediate ceiling suspended sprinklers, protecting commodities in racks, distance lower than 1.8 Meter may be considered if necessary. | |
| Maximum distance of sprinklers from end walls : | it shall not exceed half of the allowable distance between sprinklers |
| Note: For ceiling sprinklers: | |
| a) where the external walls are combustible or built with metallic or otherwise or open sided; and in case of open joisted ceilings or where the roof has the rafters exposed, the distance between the boundary and the sprinklers shall not exceed 1.5 Meter. | |
| b) Distance shall be measured perpendicular to the wall. | |
| Sprinklers shall not be located at a distance less than 100 mm from the wall (for ceiling sprinklers). | |
| Sprinklers shall not be located at a distance less than 100 mm from the end wall (for sidewall sprinklers) | |
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Table 9.7 Guidelines for stocking spare sprinkler (CPWD) |
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| HAZARD CLASS | All state capitals and within 200 Km | Other locations |
| Light | 5 sprinklers of each type | 15 |
| Moderate/Ordinary | 15 sprinklers of each type | 25 |
| High & storage | 30 sprinklers of each type | 50 |
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Sidewall Sprinkler Location in Relation to Obstructions |
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| Distance (A) between Sprinklers and the Obstruction on Side (mm) | Maximum allowable Distance (B) between Deflector above bottom of Obstruction when Sprinkler can be allowed |
| Up to 1200 | Not allowed |
| More than 1200 but less than 1500 | 25 |
| More than 1500 but less than 1650 | 50 |
| More than 1650 but less than 1800 | 80 |
| More than 1800 but less than 1950 | 100 |
| More than 1950 but less than 2100 | 150 |
| More than 2100 but less than 2250 | 180 |
| More than 2250 but less than 2400 | 230 |
| More than 2400 but less than 2550 | 280 |
| More than 2550 | 350 |
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Sidewall Sprinkler Location in Relation to Obstructions (lighting, fan and similar fixtures)-Along the same wall (CPWD-Table 9.3 ) |
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| Distance (A) Between Sprinklers and the Obstruction on Side (mm) | Maximum allowable Distance (B) between Deflector above bottom of Obstruction when Sprinkler can be allowed |
| 100 to 150 | 25 |
| More than 150 but less than 300 | 50 |
| More than 300 but less than 450 | 80 |
| More than 450 but less than 600 | 115 |
| More than 600 but less than 750 | 150 |
| More than 750 but less than 900 | 180 |
| More than 900 but less than 1050 | 200 |
| More than 1050 but less than 1200 | 230 |
| More than 1200 but less than 1350 | 250 |
| More than 1350 but less than 1500 | 300 |
| More than 1500 but less than 1650 | 330 |
| More than 1650 but less than 1800 | 350 |
| More than 1800 but less than 1950 | 380 |
| More than 1950 but less than 2100 | 430 |
| More than 2100 but less than 2250 | 450 |
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Sprinkler Location Below Ceilings [Clause 9.4.7.1],Table 9.1 (CPWD) |
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| Type of ceiling | Distance below ceilings (in mm) | ||
| MIN | MAX | PREFERRED | |
| Combustible, asbestos cement sheets, wired glass and frangible | 75 | 300 | 150 |
| Combustible with exposed rafters and/or open joists | 75 | 150 | |
| Non-combustible – either plane or arched or sloping | 75 | 450 | 300 |
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No of Sprinkler (NFPA-13) |
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| PIPE SIZE | Light hazard (Table 14.5.2.2.1) | Ordinary Hazard (Table 14.5.3.4) | Extra Hazard | ||
| STEEL | COPPER | STEEL | COPPER | STEEL | |
| 25MM | 2 Nos | 2 Nos | 2 Nos | 2 Nos | 1 Nos |
| 32MM | 3 Nos | 3 Nos | 3 Nos | 3 Nos | 2 Nos |
| 40MM | 5 Nos | 5 Nos | 5 Nos | 5 Nos | 5 Nos |
| 50MM | 10 Nos | 12 Nos | 10 Nos | 12 Nos | 8 Nos |
| 65MM | 30 Nos | 40 Nos | 20 Nos | 25 Nos | 15 Nos |
| 80MM | 60 Nos | 65 Nos | 40 Nos | 45 Nos | 27 Nos |
| 85MM | 100 Nos | 115 Nos | 65 Nos | 75 Nos | 40 Nos |
| 100MM | >100 Nos Check System Protection Area & Use Ordinary Hazard Pipe Schedule | 100 Nos | 115 Nos | 55 Nos | |
| 125MM | 160 Nos | 180 Nos | 90 Nos | ||
| 150MM | 275 Nos | 300 Nos | 150 Nos | ||
| 200MM | >275 Nos Check System Protection Area | – | |||
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Number of Sprinklers Above and Below a Ceiling (NFPA-13) Table 14.5.2.4 |
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| PIPE SIZE | Light hazard (Table 14.5.4) | Ordinary Hazard (Table 14.5.7) | ||
| STEEL | COPPER | STEEL | COPPER | |
| 25MM | 2 Nos | 2 Nos | 2 Nos | 2 Nos |
| 32MM | 4 Nos | 4 Nos | 4 Nos | 4 Nos |
| 40MM | 7 Nos | 7 Nos | 7 Nos | 7 Nos |
| 50MM | 15 Nos | 18 Nos | 15 Nos | 18 Nos |
| 65MM | 50 Nos | 65 Nos | 30 Nos | 40 Nos |
| 80MM | 60 Nos | 65 Nos | ||
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Maximum and Minimum Distance for Upright and Pendent sprinklers (NFPA 13) TABLE-10.2.4.2.1 |
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| Type of Hazard | Sprinklers to Walls | Sprinklers to Sprinklers | Remarks | |||
| Minimum Distance | Maximum Distance | Minimum Distance | Maximum Distance | |||
| Light Hazard | 100 mm | 2.3 Meter | 1.8 Meter | 4.6 Meter | ||
| Ordinary Hazard | 100 mm | 2.3 Meter | 1.8 Meter | 4.6 Meter | ||
| Extra Hazard | 100 mm | 1.8 Meter | 1.8 Meter | 3.7 Meter | Water density ≥ 0.25 gpm/ft2 | |
| 100 mm | 2.3 Meter | 1.8 Meter | 4.6 Meter | Water density < 0.25gpm/ft2 | ||
| High-Piled Storage | 1.8 Meter | 3.7 Meter | Water density ≥ 0.25gpm/ft2 | |||
| 1.8 Meter | 4.6 Meter | Water density < 0.25gpm/ft2 | ||||
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Fire Pipe Hanger Rod Size (NFPA-13) Table 17.2.3.5.1 |
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| PIPE SIZE | Hanger Rod Size | Distance Between Hanger |
| Up to 32MM | 10MM | 3.7 Meter |
| 40MM to 100MM | 10MM | 4 Meter |
| 120MM to 200MM | 13MM | 5 Meter |
| 250MM | 16MM | – |
| 300MM | 20MM | – |
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U-Hook Rod Sizes (NFPA-13) Table 17.2.1.4 |
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| Pipe Size | Diameter of Rod |
| UP TO 50 MM | 8 |
| 65 to 150 MM | 10 |
| 200 MM | 13 |
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PIPE SUPPORT SPACING (CPWD) |
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| Nominal Pipe Size | Spacing |
| Up to 25MM | 2 METER |
| 32MM to 125MM | 2.5 METER |
| 150MM and above | 3 METER |
| Extra supports shall be provided at the bends and at heavy fittings like valves to avoid undue stress on the pipes. | |
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Distance Between Pipe Supports IS 15105 (Clause 10.3.10) |
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| Pipe Diameter | Spacing |
| Upto65mm | 4.0m |
| 65mmto 100mm | 6.0 m |
| 100 mm to 250 mm | 6.5 m |
| For Distribution Pipes | |
| (a) The first support on a nominally horizontal distribution pipe shall not be more than 2 meters from the main distribution pipe. | |
| (b) The last support on a nominally horizontal distribution pipe shall not be more than 450 mm from the end. | |
| c) Drop or rise pipes shall be secured to the building structure either directly or indirectly at the adjacent nominally horizontal part of the pipe within 300 mm of the drop or rise. | |
JIGNESH PARMAR
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