Calculate IDMT over Current Relay Setting (50/51)
October 11, 2013 51 Comments
- Calculate setting of IDMT over Current Relay for following Feeder and CT Detail
- Feeder Detail: Feeder Load Current 384 Amp, Feeder Fault current Min11KA and Max 22KA.
- CT Detail: CT installed on feeder is 600/1 Amp. Relay Error 7.5%, CT Error 10.0%, CT over shoot 0.05 Sec, CT interrupting Time is 0.17 Sec and Safety is 0.33 Sec.
- IDMT Relay Detail:
- IDMT Relay Low Current setting: Over Load Current setting is 125%, Plug setting of Relay is 0.8 Amp and Time Delay (TMS) is 0.125 Sec, Relay Curve is selected as Normal Inverse Type.
- IDMT Relay High Current setting :Plug setting of Relay is 2.5 Amp and Time Delay (TMS) is 0.100 Sec, Relay Curve is selected as Normal Inverse Type
Calculation of Over Current Relay Setting:
(1) Low over Current Setting: (I>)
- Over Load Current (In) = Feeder Load Current X Relay setting = 384 X 125% =480 Amp
- Required Over Load Relay Plug Setting= Over Load Current (In) / CT Primary Current
- Required Over Load Relay Plug Setting = 480 / 600 = 0.8
- Pick up Setting of Over Current Relay (PMS) (I>)= CT Secondary Current X Relay Plug Setting
- Pick up Setting of Over Current Relay (PMS) (I>)= 1 X 0.8 = 0.8 Amp
- Plug Setting Multiplier (PSM) = Min. Feeder Fault Current / (PMS X (CT Pri. Current / CT Sec. Current))
- Plug Setting Multiplier (PSM) = 11000 / (0.8 X (600 / 1)) = 22.92
- Operation Time of Relay as per it’s Curve
- Operating Time of Relay for Very Inverse Curve (t) =13.5 / ((PSM)-1).
- Operating Time of Relay for Extreme Inverse Curve (t) =80/ ((PSM)2 -1).
- Operating Time of Relay for Long Time Inverse Curve (t) =120 / ((PSM) -1).
- Operating Time of Relay for Normal Inverse Curve (t) =0.14 / ((PSM) 0.02 -1).
- Operating Time of Relay for Normal Inverse Curve (t)=0.14 / ( (22.92)0.02-1) = 2.17 Amp
- Here Time Delay of Relay (TMS) is 0.125 Sec so
- Actual operating Time of Relay (t>) = Operating Time of Relay X TMS =2.17 X 0.125 =0.271 Sec
- Grading Time of Relay = [((2XRelay Error)+CT Error)XTMS]+ Over shoot+ CB Interrupting Time+ Safety
- Total Grading Time of Relay=[((2X7.5)+10)X0.125]+0.05+0.17+0.33 = 0.58 Sec
- Operating Time of Previous upstream Relay = Actual operating Time of Relay+ Total Grading Time Operating Time of Previous up Stream Relay = 0.271 + 0.58 = 0.85 Sec
(2) High over Current Setting: (I>>)
- Pick up Setting of Over Current Relay (PMS) (I>>)= CT Secondary Current X Relay Plug Setting
- Pick up Setting of Over Current Relay (PMS) (I>)= 1 X 2.5 = 2.5 Amp
- Plug Setting Multiplier (PSM) = Min. Feeder Fault Current / (PMS X (CT Pri. Current / CT Sec. Current))
- Plug Setting Multiplier (PSM) = 11000 / (2.5 X (600 / 1)) = 7.33
- Operation Time of Relay as per it’s Curve
- Operating Time of Relay for Very Inverse Curve (t) =13.5 / ((PSM)-1).
- Operating Time of Relay for Extreme Inverse Curve (t) =80/ ((PSM)2 -1).
- Operating Time of Relay for Long Time Inverse Curve (t) =120 / ((PSM) -1).
- Operating Time of Relay for Normal Inverse Curve (t) =0.14 / ((PSM) 0.02 -1).
- Operating Time of Relay for Normal Inverse Curve (t)=0.14 / ( (7.33)0.02-1) = 3.44 Amp
- Here Time Delay of Relay (TMS) is 0.100 Sec so
- Actual operating Time of Relay (t>) = Operating Time of Relay X TMS =3.44 X 0.100 =0.34 Sec
- Grading Time of Relay = [((2XRelay Error)+CT Error)XTMS]+ Over shoot+ CB Interrupting Time+ Safety
- Total Grading Time of Relay=[((2X7.5)+10)X0.100]+0.05+0.17+0.33 = 0.58 Sec
- Operating Time of Previous upstream Relay = Actual operating Time of Relay+ Total Grading Time.
- Operating Time of Previous up Stream Relay = 0.34 + 0.58 = 0.85 Sec
Conclusion of Calculation:
- Pickup Setting of over current Relay (PMS) (I>) should be satisfied following Two Condition.
- (1) Pickup Setting of over current Relay (PMS)(I>) >= Over Load Current (In) / CT Primary Current
- (2) TMS <= Minimum Fault Current / CT Primary Current
- For Condition (1) 0.8 > =(480/600) = 0.8 >= 0.8, Which found OK
- For Condition (2) 0.125 <= 11000/600 = 0.125 <= 18.33, Which found OK
- Here Condition (1) and (2) are satisfied so
- Pickup Setting of Over Current Relay = OK
- Low Over Current Relay Setting: (I>) = 0.8A X In Amp
- Actual operating Time of Relay (t>) = 0.271 Sec
- High Over Current Relay Setting: (I>>) = 2.5A X In Amp
- Actual operating Time of Relay (t>>) = 0.34 Sec
JIGNESH PARMAR
Hello sir- what is the use of low over current(>i) setting and high over current setting(>>i),
sir i requesting you to post some notes on this topic
thankyou
dear elango,
Just sharing my knowledge, Always remember that we must limit ENERGY (thermal) of fault. Since it is energy it is always consist of Power (P) which equal with current (I) and consist of t (time). low over current is to limit thermal withstand of electrical equipment. Whereas high over current setting is to limit short circuit withstand. short circuit withstand is not only dealing with thermal but it is also dealing with electromagnetic force withstand of an electrical equipment, such as busbar, bus duct, etc. Faster clearing big fault (it is dealing high current setting) then we secure our structure of busbar/busduct to prevent system catastrophic. Setting high over current setting shall be wise to distinguish between real short circuit and starting current.
Hello sir,
I am not clear with this explanation, can you explain with some example.
thankyou
WHEN THE RELAY IS SET ON Low set , when fault current is marginally more than the full load current it will take more time to trip the breaker like 750 msec
WHEN THE FAULT CURRENT goes 10 times , Fault should get cleared in 50 m sec to protect the EQUIPMENT
Hello sir- what is the use of low over current(>i) setting and high over current setting(>>i),
sir i requesting you to post some notes on this topic
thankyou
DEAR SIR
CAN U PL GIVE EXAMPLE OF IDMT RELAY SETTING CALCULATION FOR 132/33 KV 25 MVA TF WITH ONE I/C & 3 FEEDERS OF 200 A EACH WITH RELAY SELECTION CURVE
Dear Sir,
What is the size of 3-core,11KV cable required for 1000 KVA, 11/.415 KV transformer.By simple calculation for HT side current of 52 AMP, 3 core, 25 SQ mm cable will suffice. But i have noticed that at some places 180 SQ. mm cable being used.Does HT cable selection is related with fault level and HT cable at 11 kv should not be used less than 150 Sq. mm.
Pl. provide your valuable comments on HT cable selection for transformers.
Thanks.
Naresh.
For HT Cable one important criteria which need to be consider is Short circuit level.
Normally 11KV S.C level is 20 to 25KA at it varies according to Electricity provider company.. and normally 150 Sq.mm Cable S.C falls in 17 to 20KA. For HT cable you have to consider S.C level of utility first than Current carry capacity of Cable.
Thanks.
Please let me know the details of selection of Neutral grounding resistance. What should be nGR value for a 20 MVA, 132/6.6 KV Trnsformer, primary side fault 40 MVA for 1 sec
For 20MVA,132/6.6kv the value of NGR will be 2.1 ohm.
Dear Jignesh,
what is the best location of REF and SBEF CTs on Transformer side? i have 1000kVA Transformer and we are planning to mount the CTs either in LV cable box, REF on 1C630 Neutral Cable and SBEF on 1C240 Earth Cable OR Below LV cable box in Enclosure. Your suggestion please..
Hello sir- what is the use of low over current(i>) setting and high over current setting(i>>i),
sir i requesting you to post some notes on this topic
thankyou
why we can not maintain of power factor one. if we mantaitain 1 and above what is problem in transformer and power.
Dear K. 1- It is impossible to make P.F = 1 because ( P.F= COSᵠ ) and -1 ≤ cosᵠ ≤1 .
2- To avoid over compensating and not to lead to advance P.F is better to make it less or equal 1 ,it means always lagging .
Dear Sir,
Please advice regarding df / dt relay minimum and maximum setting details.
We are using ABB make, REF type relay for 11kv grid feeder.
We are going to synchronize 30MW,11kv DG with this grid breaker.
Power failure time, I wish to isolate grid feeder.
Please advice.
sir can you please give an example how do understand it on breaker trip curve or Time current curve
Sir, thank u for your notes on Normally inverse curve. By the same way plz give the formula for Extermly inverse curve.
sir,i need testing procedure of over current relay.
Dear parmar Sir can i get your phone number so that i can take some help from you
Dear Jignesh,
please advise where we can find the min fault level data.
Dear Sir,
Your “Electrical Thumb Rules-(Part-8)” is referred.
The details: Feeder Fault current Min11KA and Max 22KA.
How can we calculate the Min Fault Current and Max Fault Current?
I’m working on Overcurrent relay setting of Primary Transformer Protection (2000KVA with 6% impedance) with 200/5 CT ratio.
Can you guide me on how to calculate min & max fault current.
Why in the standard IDMT td(I) calculation you haven’t divided by Beta i.e. by 2.97? as regulated by the IEC…
Thanks
Dear Sir,
In an excellent manner you have explain 50/51N relay setting. Can you please guide to set the 87 relay for 110/33KV, 50MVA, 50Hz transformer.
The details provided are really very useful.
Dear Sir,
In your example for ‘calculating setting of IDMT over-current rely’ mentioned above, kindly guide me how would you prevent relay tripping from transformer inrush current when feeder breaker is switched on. You may assume any capacity of transformer installed in the outgoing feeder in above example.
Sir,
I would like to known how relay can be wiried and implemented and settings and how its configured in relay panel.
And i had a doubt, this realy implementation and configuration and setting are different from one another??????
If it’s different plz give the notes to get the idea about that please sir
Thank you…….
operating time of low current operating time is higher than high current setting
Respected sir,
For IDMT relay having CT ratio 300:1, load current 470A, maximum fault current is 2380A and minimum fault current is 720A, then how to select upper and lower boundaries on TMS & Plug setting of relay.
Kindly guide me sir, looking forward for your positive reply.
please clarify 0.14 / ( (7.33)0.02-1) = 3.44 Amp , how?
☺
Sir,
I would like to know why there are some differences between the theoretical operating time and the experimental one? Why is that lower injection current with larger error?
Thank you!
Respected Sir,
please guide, the following values are given as above example, are these also to be calculated?
“””””””Time Delay (TMS) is 0.125 Sec, Relay Curve is selected as Normal Inverse Type.”””””
because they are just mentioned and used in calculation, but not calculated.
Solve the problem:
The plug setting of a negative sequence relay is 0.2A. The CT ratio is 5: 1. The minimum
value of line to line fault current for the operation of the relay is:
Sir please clear that,in Higher over current setting calculation,how you have considered relay plug setting is 2.5? and Please clear how you considered TMS is 0.125 for low over current setting?
Thanks & Regards
Mohit k Pradhan
Dear Sir,
i have I> relay setting (IDMT)
300A 0,15 NI
What does it mean number 0,15 ?
Thank you in advance
Hi,
May I ask if the condition 2 should be (11000/600)=18.33>high set of 2.5 times instead of TMS? Thanks
Regards,
William
Thanks for sharing this article keep it up…
Hallo Sir!
Thanks for the detailed explanation on overcurrent setting calculations.
Would you please, compare and contrast these same calculation with the ones done to get the settings of an REJ603 ABB protection relay?
I would really appreciate.
Regards
You have taken pick up setting at 125% and 250% why? What is the reference for it?
and how did you calculate min. fault current ?
Hy Sir, we have 11 kV Switchgear with 100/5 Amp CTs. What should be the suitable value of amperes for ground fault relay setting (i.e. Io> value)?
Dear Sir,
Your “Electrical Thumb Rules-(Part-8)” is referred.
The details: Feeder Fault current Min11KA and Max 22KA.
How can we calculate the Min Fault Current and Max Fault Current?
I’m working on Overcurrent relay setting of Primary Transformer Protection (2000KVA with 6% impedance) with 200/5 CT ratio.
Can you guide me on how to calculate min & max fault current.
https://www.techdoct.com/relay
IDMT relay have to set for Steady state fault current?can any one explain this?
Sir
Please in simple calculation please explain me calculation for programming relay for protection of 500 KVA Transformer with impedence 5.0 11KV /433V Copper wound.
I>
ti>
t>
I>>
t>>
Ie>
tie>
te>
Ie>>
te>>
Regards
Quaidjohar ME(Ele & Controls)
Mob 9422106251
email : paraelect@gmail.com
Hi. I would like to find out where can i do a course on relays. Im in south africa in queenstown
Thank you sir for the article
You cannot improve pf value beyond 1,becoz the maximum value is unity.
Current i.e. psm of high set is high
Why relay operating is high in high set thsn low set.
How can we get this data 1.CT Detail: CT installed on feeder is 600/1 Amp. Relay Error 7.5%, CT Error 10.0%, CT over shoot 0.05 Sec, CT interrupting Time is 0.17 Sec and Safety is 0.33 Sec. 2. How can we calculate the min fault level and max fault level . Please clarify
Is there a minimum relay operate time that is good practice to keep above?
Good